Scientists Discover Hydrothermal Vents as a Source of Black Carbon in the Ocean
The ocean, a major carbon sink, is affected by human-induced carbon emissions. Researchers from Hokkaido University and The University of Tokyo have found that hydrothermal vents are a new source of dissolved black carbon (DBC) in the deep ocean. This discovery was published in the journal Science Advances.
Understanding Dissolved Black Carbon
Professor Hiroshi Ogawa explained that dissolved organic carbon in the ocean is one of the largest carbon pools on Earth. A portion of this, known as dissolved black carbon, cannot be used by organisms. The source of DBC in the deep sea was previously unknown, though hydrothermal vents were suspected.
Research Findings
The team analyzed DBC distribution in the North Pacific and Eastern South Pacific Oceans, comparing it with helium isotope concentrations linked to hydrothermal vents and oxygen usage. They found that hydrothermal vents significantly contribute to DBC in the Pacific Ocean. This DBC forms when hot fluids from vents mix with cold seawater and can travel thousands of kilometers.
Significance of the Discovery
Associate Professor Youhei Yamashita noted that hydrothermal vents might contribute up to half as much DBC as biomass burning or fossil fuel combustion. Further research is needed to understand DBC formation from these vents.
Doubts Revealed
Hydrothermal Vents -: Hydrothermal vents are like underwater geysers found on the ocean floor. They release hot, mineral-rich water from beneath the Earth’s crust into the ocean.
Black Carbon -: Black carbon is a type of carbon that comes from burning things like wood or fossil fuels. In the ocean, it can also come from natural sources like hydrothermal vents.
Dissolved Black Carbon (DBC) -: Dissolved black carbon is black carbon that is mixed into water, making it hard to see. It can travel long distances in the ocean.
Hokkaido University -: Hokkaido University is a famous university in Japan known for its research and education. It is located on the island of Hokkaido.
The University of Tokyo -: The University of Tokyo is a top university in Japan, known for its advanced research and education. It is located in Japan’s capital city, Tokyo.
Science Advances -: Science Advances is a scientific journal where researchers publish their new discoveries. It helps scientists share their findings with others.
Biomass Burning -: Biomass burning is when natural materials like wood or crop waste are burned. This process releases black carbon into the air.
Fossil Fuel Combustion -: Fossil fuel combustion is when fuels like coal, oil, or gas are burned for energy. This also releases black carbon into the air.
