Columbia Researchers Develop Bacterial Vaccine to Fight Cancer
Scientists at Columbia University have created a new type of cancer vaccine using probiotic bacteria. This innovative approach trains the immune system to target and destroy cancer cells, potentially preventing future recurrences. The vaccine is personalized for each patient’s unique cancer, using bacteria to deliver specific protein targets called neoantigens.
How It Works
The bacterial vaccine has shown promising results in mice with advanced colorectal cancer and melanoma, shrinking or eliminating tumors while sparing healthy tissue. The bacteria are engineered to produce neoantigens that teach the immune system to attack cancer cells. This method is more effective than previous peptide-based vaccines.
Research and Development
Andrew Redenti and Jongwon Im, students at Columbia University, led the study, highlighting the vaccine’s ability to activate the immune system against tumors. Nicholas Arpaia and Tal Danino, professors at Columbia, directed the research, emphasizing the vaccine’s potential to overcome cancer’s defenses.
Future Implications
The vaccine could be a game-changer in cancer treatment, offering a personalized approach that adapts to each patient’s cancer. The researchers plan to test the vaccine in humans, hoping it will prevent cancer from returning in patients who have achieved remission.
Doubts Revealed
Columbia University -: Columbia University is a famous school in the United States where people study and do research. It’s like a big college where smart people work on important projects.
Bacterial Vaccine -: A bacterial vaccine is a special medicine made from bacteria that helps the body fight diseases. In this case, it’s used to help the body fight cancer.
Immune System -: The immune system is like a superhero team in our body that fights off bad germs and keeps us healthy. It helps protect us from getting sick.
Neoantigens -: Neoantigens are special markers found on cancer cells that are not on normal cells. They help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells.
Personalized Vaccine -: A personalized vaccine is a special type of vaccine made just for one person. It is designed to work best for that person’s unique health needs.
Cancer Immunotherapy -: Cancer immunotherapy is a treatment that helps the immune system fight cancer. It uses the body’s own defenses to try to get rid of cancer cells.